Monkeypox virus ihutachiona hwehutachiona hunokonzerwa nemonkeypox virus (MPXV).Utachiona uhwu hunopararira zvakanyanya kuburikidza nekubata zvinhu zvine hutachiona uye kutapurirana kwekufema.Utachiona hweMonkeypox hunogona kukonzera utachiona muvanhu, chinova chirwere chisingawanikwe chiri kunyanya kuwanikwa muAfrica.Heino rumwe ruzivo nezve monkeypox virus.
Monkeypox kuwanda munyika dzakasiyana siyana:
Joint ECDC-WHO Regional Office yeEurope Mpox Surveillance Bulletin (europa.eu)
Muchidimbu chekuongorora
Mhosva dzinosvika 25,935 dzepox (yaimbonzi monkeypox) dzakaonekwa kuburikidza nenzira dzeIHR, zvinyorwa zveveruzhinji uye TESSy kusvika 06 Chikunguru 2023, 14:00, kubva kunyika makumi mana neshanu nenzvimbo muEuropean Region.Mumasvondo mana apfuura, makumi matatu emakesi epox akaonekwa kubva kunyika 8 nenzvimbo.
Nyaya-based data yakashumwa ye25,824 kesi kubva kunyika 41 nenzvimbo kuenda kuECDC uye WHO Regional Hofisi yeEurope kuburikidza neThe European Surveillance System (TESSy), kusvika 06 Chikunguru 2023, 10:00.
Panyaya makumi maviri neshanu nemazana masere nemakumi maviri neina dzakataurwa muTESSy, 25,646 dzaive marabhoritari dzakasimbiswa.Uyezve, uko kutevedzana kwaivepo, mazana mana nemakumi masere nepfumbamwe akasimbiswa kuti ndeweClade II, yaimbozivikanwa seWest Africa clade.Mhosva yekutanga inozivikanwa ine zuva rekufungidzira remusi wa7 Kurume 2022 uye yakaonekwa kuburikidza nekudzokororwa kuyedzwa kwemuenzaniso wasara.Zuva rekutanga rekutanga rechiratidzo rakanzi 17 Kubvumbi 2022.
Mhosva zhinji dzaive pakati pemakore makumi matatu nerimwe kusvika makumi mana ekuberekwa (10,167/25,794 – 39%) nevarume (25,327/25,761 – 98%).Panyaya dzechirume 11,317 dzinozivikanwa dzepabonde, 96% vanozvizivisa sevarume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume.Pakati pezviitiko zvinozivikanwa nezveHIV, 38% (4,064/10,675) vaiva neHIV.Zvizhinji zvezviitiko zvinoratidzwa nerash (15,358 / 16,087 - 96%) uye zviratidzo zvehurongwa zvakadai sefivha, kuneta, kurwadziwa kwemhasuru, kutonhora, kana musoro (10,921 / 16,087 - 68%).Paiva nemhosva dze789 muchipatara (6%), iyo 275 nyaya dzaida kutarisirwa kwekliniki.Mhosva sere dzakapinzwa muICU, uye nomwe dzepox dzakanzi dzakafa.
Kusvika pari zvino, WHO neECDC vakaziviswa nezvenyaya shanu dzekufumurwa basa.Muzviitiko zvina zvekufumurwa pabasa, vashandi vehutano vanga vakapfeka zvinokurudzirwa zvekuzvidzivirira nazvo asi vakafumurwa mvura yemuviri vachitora masampuli.Mhosva yechishanu yanga isina kupfeka zvekuzvidzivirira nazvo.Nhungamiro yenguva pfupi yeWHO pakutungamira kwekiriniki nekudzivirira kutapukira uye kutonga kwempox inoramba iripo uye inowanikwa pa https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/355798.
Pfupiso yehuwandu hwemakesi epox akaonekwa kuburikidza neIHR maitiro uye zviri pamutemo masosi uye yakashumwa kune TESSy, European Region, 2022-2023.
Nyika nenzvimbo dzinotaura nyaya nyowani mumavhiki mana apfuura eISO dzinoratidzwa mubhuruu.
Pfupiso yezvakaremerwa zvebonde pakati penyaya dzechirume dzepox, European Region, TESSy, 2022-2023
Kuita bonde muTESSy kunotsanangurwa zvinoenderana neanotevera asiri-akasarudzika mapoka:
- Heterosexual
- MSM = MSM/homo kana bisexual murume
- Vakadzi vanorara nevakadzi
- Bisexual
- Zvimwe
- Zvisingazivikanwe kana kusazivikanwa
Kuita zvepabonde hakurevi kuti munhukadzi wemunhu akarara naye mumazuva makumi maviri nerimwe apfuura uye hazvireve kusangana pabonde uye kutapurirana pabonde.
Isu tinopfupikisa pano maitiro ezvepabonde ayo echirume anoonekwa nawo.
Transmission
Kutapurirwa kwepox kumunhu-kune-munhu kunogona kuitika kuburikidza nekubatana zvakananga neganda rinotapukira kana zvimwe zvipembenene zvakadai mumuromo kana pamakumbo;izvi zvinosanganisira kusangana izvo
- chiso nechiso (kutaura kana kufema)
- ganda-ku-ganda (kubata kana bonde remukadzi/kumashure)
- muromo nemuromo (kutsvoda)
- muromo-ku-ganda kubata (kuita zvepabonde nemumuromo kana kutsvoda ganda)
- madonhwe ekufema kana mapfupi-renji aerosols kubva pakubata kwenguva refu
Hutachiona hunobva hwapinda mumuviri kuburikidza neganda rakatyoka, mucosal nzvimbo (semumuromo, pharyngeal, ocular, genital, anorectal), kana kuburikidza nekufema turakiti.Mpokisi inogona kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemhuri uye kune vanorara navo.Vanhu vane vadiwa vakawanda pabonde vari panjodzi huru.
Mhuka kuenda kumunhu kutapurirana kwepox kunoitika kubva kumhuka dzine utachiona kuenda kuvanhu kubva pakurumwa kana kukwarwa, kana panguva yezviitwa zvakaita sekuvhima, kuvhima, kuteya, kubika, kutamba nezvitunha, kana kudya mhuka.Kuwanda kwehutachiona hwehutachiona muhuwandu hwemhuka hahuzivikanwi zvachose uye zvimwe zvidzidzo zviri kuitika.
Vanhu vanogona kubata mpox kubva kune zvakasvibiswa zvinhu zvakaita sembatya kana machira, kuburikidza nekukuvara kwakapinza mukutarisira hutano, kana mumagariro enharaunda senge ma tattoo parlors.
Zviratidzo nezviratidzo
Mpox inokonzera zviratidzo uye zviratidzo zvinowanzotanga mukati mevhiki asi zvinogona kutanga 1-21 mazuva mushure mekusangana.Zviratidzo zvinowanzogara mavhiki 2-4 asi zvinogona kugara kwenguva refu mumunhu ane immune system isina simba.
Zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa zvepox ndezvi:
- mapundu
- kupindwa nechando
- huro inorwadza
- musoro
- tsandanyama kurwadza
- kurwadziwa kwemusana
- simba shoma
- kuzvimba lymph nodes.
Kune vamwe vanhu, chiratidzo chekutanga chepox ndeyekuputika, asi vamwe vanogona kunge vane zviratidzo zvakasiyana kutanga.
Mapundu acho anotanga seronda rakati sandarara rinobuda kuita blister rizere nemvura uye rinogona kunge richikwenya kana kurwadziwa.Sezvo mapundu anoporesa, maronda anooma, anoputika uye anodonha.
Vamwe vanhu vanogona kunge vaine ganda rimwechete kana mashoma uye vamwe vane mazana kana kupfuura.Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa chero papi pamuviri zvakadai se:
- zvanza zvemaoko nezvigadziko zvetsoka
- chiso, muromo nehuro
- groin uye nhengo dzakavandika
- anus.
Vamwe vanhu vanewo kuzvimba kunorwadza kwe rectum yavo kana kurwadziwa nekuomerwa pakuita weti.
Vanhu vane mpox vanotapuriranwa uye vanogona kupfuudza chirwere ichi kune vamwe kusvika maronda ese apora uye ganda idzva raumbwa.
Vana, vane pamuviri uye vanhu vane immune system vasina simba vari panjodzi yematambudziko kubva kumpox.
Kazhinji mpox, fivha, tsandanyama aches uye kurwadziwa huro zvinotanga.Iyo mpox rash inotanga pachiso uye inopararira pamusoro pemuviri, ichienda kuzvanza zvemaoko uye pasi petsoka uye inoshanduka kwemavhiki maviri-4 mumatanho - macules, papules, vesicles, pustules.Maronda anonyura nepakati asati apfumbuka.Makwasha anobva adonha.Lymphadenopathy (swollen lymph nodes) chinhu chekare chepox.Vamwe vanhu vanogona kutapukirwa pasina zviratidzo.
Muchirevo chekubuda kwepasi rose kwepox kwakatanga muna 2022 (yakakonzerwa zvakanyanya nehutachiona hweClade IIb), chirwere chinotanga zvakasiyana mune vamwe vanhu.Mukati inopfuura hafu yezviitiko, kuputika kunogona kuonekwa kare kana panguva imwe chete sezvimwe zviratidzo uye hazviiti nguva dzose kufambira mberi pamusoro pemuviri.Chirwere chekutanga chinogona kunge chiri mugomba, anus, kana mukati kana kutenderedza muromo.
Vanhu vane mpox vanogona kurwara zvakanyanya.Semuyenzaniso, ganda rinogona kutapukirwa neutachiona hunoita kuti maabscesses kana kukuvara kwakanyanya kweganda.Mamwe matambudziko anosanganisira mabayo, hutachiona hwecorneal nekurasikirwa kwekuona;kurwadziwa kana kuoma kwekumedza, kurutsa uye manyoka zvichikonzera kupera kwakanyanya kana kushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri;sepsis (kutapukirwa neropa rine mhinduro yakapararira yekuzvimba mumuviri), kuzvimba kweuropi (encephalitis), moyo (myocarditis), rectum (proctitis), nhengo dzesikarudzi (balanitis) kana weti (urethritis), kana kufa.Vanhu vane immune kudzvinyirira nekuda kwemishonga kana mamiriro ekurapa vari panjodzi huru yekurwara zvakanyanya uye kufa nekuda kwepox.Vanhu vanorarama neHIV vasina kudzorwa zvakanaka kana kurapwa kazhinji vanova nechirwere chakakomba.
Chirwere Chinotapukira
Monkey Pox Virus
Kuongororwa
Kuziva mpox kunogona kuve kwakaoma sezvo mamwe hutachiona uye mamiriro anogona kutaridzika zvakafanana.Zvakakosha kusiyanisa mpox kubva kune chickenpox, gwirikwiti, zvirwere zveganda zvebhakitiriya, scabies, herpes, syphilis, zvimwe zvirwere zvepabonde, uye mishonga inokonzerwa nemishonga.
Munhu ane mpox anogonawo kuita chimwe chirwere chepabonde senge herpes.Zvimwewo, mwana ane fungidziro yepox anogonawo kunge ane chickenpox.Nezvikonzero izvi, kuongororwa kwakakosha kuti vanhu vawane kurapwa nekukurumidza uye kudzivirira kuwedzera kupararira.
Kuonekwa kwehutachiwana hweDNA nepolymerase chain reaction (PCR) ndiyo inosarudzwa murabhoritari bvunzo yempox.Izvo zvakanakisisa zvienzaniso zvekuongorora zvinotorwa zvakananga kubva kune rash - ganda, fluid kana crusts - inounganidzwa nekutsvaira kwakasimba.Kana pasina maronda eganda, kuongororwa kunogona kuitwa pane oropharyngeal, anal kana rectal swabs.Kuongororwa ropa hakukurudzirwe.Maitiro ekuona masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anogona kusabatsira sezvo asingasiyanise pakati pemaothopoxvirus akasiyana.
Iyo Monkeypox Virus Antigen Rapid Test Kit yakanyatsogadzirirwa kuti in vitro ionekwe monkeypox virus antigen mumasampuli emunhu pharyngeal secretion uye inoitirwa kushandiswa nehunyanzvi chete.Iyi kit yekuyedza inoshandisa musimboti wecolloidal goridhe immunochromatography, uko nzvimbo yekuona yenitrocellulose membrane (T mutsara) yakavharwa nembeva anti-monkeypox virus monoclonal antibody 2 (MPV-Ab2), uye dunhu rekutonga (C-mutsara) rakaputirwa nembudzi anti-mbeva IgG polyclonal antibody uye colloidal goridhe rakanyorwa mbeva anti-monkeypox virus monoclonal antibody 1 (MPV-Ab1) padhedhi ine goridhe.
Munguva yekuedzwa, kana sampu yaonekwa, iyo Monkeypox Virus Antigen (MPV-Ag) mumuenzaniso inosanganiswa necolloidal goridhe (Au) -yakanyorwa mbeva anti-monkeypox virus monoclonal antibody 1 kugadzira (Au-Mouse anti-monkeypox virus. monoclonal antibody 1-[MPV-Ag]) immune complex, iyo inoyerera mberi mu nitrocellulose membrane.Inobva yabatanidza necoated mouse anti-monkeypox virus monoclonal antibody 2 kugadzira agglutination "(Au MPV-Ab1--[MPV-Ag] -MPV-Ab2)" munzvimbo yekuona (T-line) panguva yekuedzwa.
Iyo yasara colloidal yegoridhe-yakanyorwa Mbeva anti-monkeypox virus monoclonal antibody 1 inosanganisa nembudzi anti-mbeva IgG polyclonal antibody yakavharwa pamutsetse wekutonga kunaka kuita agglutination uye kugadzira ruvara.Kana iyo sampuli isina Monkeypox Virus antigen, nzvimbo yekuona haigone kuumba immune system, uye chete nzvimbo yekudzora mhando ndiyo inoumba immune yakaoma uye kugadzira ruvara.Iyi kit yekuyedza inosanganisira mirairo yakadzama yekuona kuti nyanzvi dzinokwanisa kuyedza zvakachengeteka uye nemazvo pavarwere mukati menguva yemaminetsi gumi nemashanu.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-25-2023